internal mammary nodes in breast cancer: treatment or not
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breast cancer and internal mammary sentinel nodes: a meta-analysis
b a ckground: the management of internal mammary (im) nodes in breast cancer lacks a well-defined consensus. lymphoscintigraphy identifies up to one-third of breast cancer patients with extra-axillary drainage, which is mainly located in the im chain. our aim in this meta-analysis is to identify the lymphoscintigraphy technique variables that effect im node identification. m ethods: an internet...
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The introduction of the sentinel lymph node (SLN) concept and its biopsy have deeply changed the management of many cancers [1,2]. The SLN is defined as the first LN to which cancer cell are most likely to spread from a primary tumour; in cT1-T2 breast cancer patients, the axillary (Ax) SLN biopsy is now considered the standard of care for staging clinically node-negative patients [3]. The AxLN...
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Internal mammary nodes are addressed in high risk group of patients of carcinoma breast. Though there is crossover of lymphatics across the mid-line, only ipsilateral internal mammary nodes are evaluated or treated. Considering the negative impact on survival of patients with inner quadrant tumor, do we need to treat bilateral internal mammary nodes?
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BACKGROUND The internal mammary (IM) lymph node chain, along with the axillary nodal basin, is a first-echelon breast lymphatic draining site. A growing body of evidence supports irradiation of this region in node-positive breast cancer. This study evaluated the effectiveness of radiotherapy in treating magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-detected abnormal IM lymph nodes in newly-diagnosed non-met...
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Inclusion internal mammary lymph nodes as a part of regional nodal irradiation have a potential to reduce local recurrence, distant recurrence, and improve survival in breast cancer. However, the increased risk of cardiac toxicity and lungs injure associated with internal mammary lymph nodes irradiation has drew more and more attention. Estimating risk of metastasis in internal mammary lymph no...
متن کاملClinical Implications of Micrometastasis Detection in Internal Mammary Nodes of Breast Cancer Patients.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the efficiency of step-serial sectioning (SSS) combined with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining in detecting micrometastasis of internal mammary lymph nodes (IMLNs). PATIENTS AND METHODS: 135 IMLNs from 88 breast cancer patients were re-examined by SSS, combined with either H&E or IHC staining of the biomarkers cyt...
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بیماری های پستانجلد ۲، شماره ۲، صفحات ۶۰-۶۳
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